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    • 专利摘要:
    Stevia and glycosyl based composition The stevia and glycosyl based compositions are prepared from stevia rebaudiana bertoni steviol glycosides. Glycosylation was performed by cyclodextrin glucanotransferase using starch as a source of glucose residues. stevia and short chain glycosyl based compositions were purified to the 95% steviol glycoside content. The compositions may be used as sweetness enhancers, flavor enhancers and sweeteners in food, beverages, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
    公开号:BR112013020742B1
    申请号:R112013020742-6
    申请日:2011-04-25
    公开日:2019-11-12
    发明作者:Markosyan Avetik
    申请人:Purecircle Usa Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    “PROCESS TO PRODUCE A HIGH PURIFIED STEVIA GLYCOSIL COMPOSITION”
    Field of the Invention [001] The invention relates to a process for producing a highly purified food ingredient from the extract of the Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni plant and its use in various food products and beverages.
    Background to the Invention [002] Nowadays alternatives to sugar are receiving more attention due to the knowledge of many diseases in conjunction with the consumption of foods and drinks with a high sugar content. However, many artificial sweeteners, such as dulcin, sodium cyclamate and saccharin, have been banned or restricted in some countries due to concerns about their safety. So, natural non-caloric sweeteners are becoming more and more popular. Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni fennel produces a number of diterpene glycosides that characterize high intensity sweetness and sensory properties superior to many other high potency sweeteners.
    [003] The sweet glycosides mentioned above have a common aglycone, steviol, and differ in the number and type of carbohydrate residues at positions C13 and C19. Stevia levels are able to accumulate up to 10 to 20% (based on dry weight) of steviol glycosides. The main glycosides found in stevia leaves are Rebaudioside A (2 to 10%), stevioside (2 to 10%), and Rebaudioside C (1 to 2%). Other glycosides such as Rebaudioside B, D, E and F, steviolbioside and rubusoside, are found at much lower levels (approximately 0 to 0.2%).
    [004] Two main glycosides, stevioside and Rebaudioside A (Reb A), have been extensively studied and characterized in terms of their suitability as high intensity commercial sweeteners. Stability studies in carbonated beverages confirmed their heat and pH stability (Chang S.S., Cook, J.M. (1983) Stability studies of stevioside and Rebaudioside A in carbonated beverages, J. Agric. Food Chem. 31: 409 to 412).
    [005] Steviol glycosides differ from each other not only in molecular structure, but also in their flavor properties. Usually, the stevioside
    Petition 870180136050, of September 28, 2018, p. 11/35
    2/18 proved to be 110 to 270 times sweeter than sucrose, Rebaudioside A between 150 and 320 times, and Rebaudioside C between 40 and 60 times sweeter than sucrose. Dulcoside A is 30 times sweeter than sucrose. Rebaudioside A has a less astringent, less bitter, and less persistent aftertaste, thus having the most favorable sensory attributes in the main steviol glycosides (Tanaka O. (1987) Improvement of taste of natural sweeteners. Pure Appl. Chem. 69: 675 to 683; Phillips KC (1989) Stevia: steps in developing a new sweeter. In: Grenby TH ed. Developments in sweeteners, vol. 3, Elsevier Applied Science, London, 1 to 43).
    [006] Methods for extracting and purifying sweet glycosides from the Stevia Rebaudiana plant using water-based or organic solvents are described, for example, in US Patents 4,361,697, 4,082,858, 4,892,938, 5,972 .120, 5,962,678, 7,838,044 and 7,862,845.
    [007] However, even in a highly purified state, steviol glycosides still have undesirable flavor attributes such as bitterness, sweet aftertaste, licorice flavor, etc. One of the main obstacles to the successful commercialization of stevia-based sweeteners is these undesirable flavor attributes. These flavor notes have been shown to become more prominent as the concentration of steviol glycosides increases (Prakash I., DuBois GE, Clos JF, Wilkens KL, Fosdick L. E (2008) Development of Rebiana, a natural, non-caloric sweetener, Food Chem, Toxicol., 46, S75 to S82).
    [008] On the other hand, substituting large amounts of sugar in the formulations gives rise to such problems as sensory impression in the reduced mouth, reduced flavor profile, etc. So, the application of low-calorie, high-intensity sweeteners has to provide solutions to address these problems.
    [009] Thus, if a single composition will be able to deliver not only sweeteners, but also possess flavor-enhancing properties and correct the sensory impression in the incomplete mouth associated with the elimination of sucrose from food and beverage formulations, it will certainly be advantageous in comparison to other high intensity sweeteners known in the art.
    [010] Some of these undesirable properties can be reduced or eliminated by subjecting the steviol glycosides to the transglycosylation reaction
    Petition 870180136050, of September 28, 2018, p. 12/35
    3/18 intermolecular, when new carbohydrate residues are attached to the initial molecule at positions C13 and C19. Depending on the number of carbohydrate residues in these positions, the quality and flavor potency of the compounds will vary.
    [011] Pululanase, isomaltase (Lobov SV, Jasai R., Ohtani K., Tanaka O. Yamasaki K. (1991) Enzymatic production of sweet stevioside derivatives: transglycosylation by glucosidases. Agric. Biol. Chem. 55: 2959 to 2965 ), β-galactosidase (Kitahata S., Ishikawa S., Miyata T., Tanaka O. (1989) Production of rubusoside derivatives by transglycosylation of various β-galactosidase. Agric. Biol. Chem. 53: 2923 to 2928), and dextran sucrase (Yamamoto K., Yoshikawa K., Okada S. (1994) Effective production of glucosyl-stevioside by a-1,6-transglucosylation of dextran dextranase. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 58: 1657 to 1661) were used as transglycosylation enzymes, together with pullulan, maltose, lactose, and partially hydrolyzed starch, respectively, as donors of glycosidic residues.
    [012] The transglycosylation of steviol glycosides was also performed by the action of cyclodextrin glucanotransferases (CGTase) produced by Bacillus stearothermophilus (US Patent Nos. 4,219,571 and 7,807,206), as a result of a-1,4-glycosyl were formed with a degree of polymerization up to 10.
    [013] Treatment of transglycosylated stevioside with β-amylase resulted in a product consisting of mono- or di-a-1,4-glycosyl derivatives (Tanaka, 1987).
    [014] The taste profile and sweetness potency of glycosyl derivatives have been shown to be highly dependent on the number of additional glycosyl derivatives, that is, the degree of polymerization of the d a-1,4-glycosyl chain. The increase in the number of a-1,4-glycosyl residues improved the quality of taste, but at the same time, reduced the level of sweetness (Tanaka, 1987).
    [015] It is also noted that many stevia glycosyl products contain up to 20% residual dextrins that do not have significant functional properties and reduce the content of steviol glycosides in the product.
    [016] So, it is necessary to develop products with high purity with optimum a-1,4-glycosyl chain length that deliver the best combination of sweetness potency and flavor profile.
    Summary of the Invention [017] The present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of sweeteners based on
    Petition 870180136050, of September 28, 2018, p. 13/35
    4/18 of existing stevia. The invention describes a process for producing a high purity food ingredient from the extract of the Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni plant and its use in various food products and beverages as a sweetener and flavor modifier.
    [018] The invention, in part, pertains to an ingredient comprising glycosylated derivatives of steviol glycosides of the Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni plant. Steviol glycosides are selected from the group consisting of stevioside, Rebaudioside A, Rebaudioside B, Rebaudioside C, Rebaudioside D, Rebaudioside E, Rebaudioside F, dulcoside A, steviolbioside, rubusoside, as well as other steviol glycosides found in the Stevia plant Rebaudiana Bertoni and mixtures of these.
    [019] The invention, in part, belongs to a process to produce an ingredient that contains glycosylated forms of stevioside, Rebaudioside A, Rebaudioside B, Rebaudioside C, Rebaudioside D, Rebaudioside E, Rebaudioside F, dulcoside A, steviobioside, rubusoside, as well like other steviol glycosides found in the Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni plant. The process can be an enzymatic transglycosylation process using CGTases produced by cultures of Bacillus stearothermophilus. The process may include the step of shortening the glycosyl chains by β-amylase. The process can also have the steps of discoloring, desalting and removing malto-oligosaccharides. Discoloration can be performed using activated carbon. Desalination can be carried out by passing through ion exchange resins and / or membrane filters. The removal of malto-oligosaccharides can be carried out by passing through macroporous polymeric resin.
    [020] In the invention, stevia extract sold by PureCircle (JiangXi) Co., Ltd. (China), containing stevioside (28 to 30%), Rebaudioside A (50 to 55%), Rebaudioside C (9 to 12% ), Rebaudioside F (1 to 3%), and other glycosides adding the total content of steviol glycosides of at least 95%, was used as a starting material. Alternatively, stevia extracts with a different ratio to steviol glycosides, as well as highly purified steviol glycosides, such as Rebaudioside A, stevioside, Rebaudioside D, rubusoside, etc., can be used as starting materials.
    [021] The starting material was subjected to enzymatic transglycosylation by
    Petition 870180136050, of September 28, 2018, p. 14/35
    5/18 action of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) in the presence of amide as a glucose donor. As a result, a-1,4-glycosyl derivatives were formed with a degree of polymerization of up to 10. Then, the formed derivatives were subjected to treatment with β-amylase to produce a-1,4-glycosyl derivatives having a degree specific polymerization.
    [022] The oligosaccharides from the reaction mixture obtained were removed by Amberlite XAD7 HP resin, and then discolored, deionized, concentrated and spray dried.
    [023] The products obtained were applied to various foods and drinks such as sweeteners, sweeteners, and flavor modifiers, including ice cream, cookies, bread, fruit juices, dairy products, bakery products and confectionery.
    [024] It is understood that both the previous general description and the following detailed description are exemplified and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.
    Brief Description of the Drawings [025] The attached drawings are included to provide an additional understanding of the invention. The drawings illustrate modalities of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the modalities of the invention.
    FIG. 1 shows a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) graph of a product treated with commercial β-amylase containing only mono- and di-a-1,4-glycosyl derivatives of steviol glycosides.
    FIG. 2 shows a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) chromatogram of purified transglycosylated stevia extract without βamylase treatment containing a-1,4-glycosyl long chain derivatives with up to nine a-1,4-glycosyl residues.
    FIG. 3 shows a high performance liquid chromatography chromatogram of purified transglycoside stevia extract after treatment with β-amylase containing short-chain derivatives (containing four or less α-1,4 glycosyl residues) of stevioside and Rebaudioside A.
    Detailed Description of the Invention [026] The advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the
    Petition 870180136050, of September 28, 2018, p. 15/35
    6/18 detailed description given below. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred modalities of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become clear for those skilled in the art from this detailed description.
    [027] Stevia extract sold by PureCircle (JiangXi) Co., Ltd. (China), containing stevioside (28 to 30%), Rebaudioside A (50 to 55%), Rebaudioside C (9 to 12%), Rebaudioside F (1 to 3%), and other glycosides (hereinafter collectively called “steviol glycosides”) adding up to a total steviol glycoside content of at least 95%, was used as a starting material. Alternatively, stevia extracts with a different ratio to steviol glycosides, as well as highly purified steviol glycosides, such as Rebaudioside A, stevioside, Rebaudioside D, rubusoside, etc., can be used as starting materials.
    [028] The HPLC analysis of the raw materials and products was performed and the Agilent Technologies 1200 Series liquid chromatograph (USA), equipped with a ZOrbax-NH2 column (4.6 x 250 mm). The mobile phase was an acetonitrile-water gradient from 80:20 by volume (0 to 2 min) to 50:50 by volume (2 to 70 min). The 210 nm diode array detector was used as the detector.
    [029] Transglycosylation was performed by cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferases (CGTases, EC 2.4.1.19) produced by Bacillus stearothermolphilus St-88 (PureCircle Sdn Bhd Collection of Industrial Microorganisms - Malaysia). However, any other CGTase or enzyme having intermolecular transglycosylation activity can be applied as well. The enzyme can be in a form of cell-free culture broth, cell-free concentrated liquid culture broth, cell-freeze-dried culture broth, or high-purity protein. Free and immobilized enzyme preparations can be used.
    [030] The activity of CGTase preparations was determined according to the procedure described in Hale W.S., Rawlins L.C. (1951) Amylase of Bacillus macerans. Cereal Chem. 28, 49 to 58.
    [031] Starches from different sources can be used as donors of glycosyl units such as derivatives of wheat, corn, potatoes, tapioca and sago.
    Petition 870180136050, of September 28, 2018, p. 16/35
    7/18 [032] The starch was subjected to partial hydrolysis (liquefaction) before the transglycosylation reaction. The equivalent dextrose of the partial hydrolyzed starch can be in the range of approximately 10 to 25, preferably approximately 12 to 16. Any enzyme capable of hydrolysis of starch can be used for liquefaction, such as α-amylases, β-amylases, etc. In one embodiment, mixtures of CGTase and αamylase as liquefaction enzymes are preferred.
    [033] α-amylase activity is expressed in Kilo New Units (KNU) of α-amylase. A KNU is the amount of α-amylase that, under standard conditions (pH 7.1; 37 ° C), dextrinizes 5.26 g of substance per hour.
    [034] The liquefaction mixture contains approximately 0.001 to 0.2 KNU, preferably approximately 0.05 to 0.1 KNU of α-amylase per one CGTase unit.
    [035] The use of α-amylase in liquefaction allows to achieve higher yields in the filtration of additional activated carbon. When CGTase is used as the only liquefaction enzyme, the filtration rate is approximately 10 to 15 L / h per 1 m 2 of filtration surface. In the case of the liquefaction enzyme mixture (comprising α-amylase and CGTase), the filtration rate is twice as fast - approximately 20 to 30 L / h per 1 m 2 of filtration surface.
    [036] The ratio of starch and CGTase in the liquefaction mixture is approximately 0.1 to 0.5 units per gram of starch, preferably approximately 0.2 to 0.4 units per gram.
    [037] The concentration of starch in the liquefaction mixture is approximately 15 to 40% by weight, preferably approximately 20 to 30%.
    [038] Liquefaction is conducted at approximately 70 to 90 ° C for approximately 0.5 to 5 hours, preferably approximately 1 to 2 hours.
    [039] After liquefaction, the reaction mixture is subjected to thermal inactivation of α-amylase under low pH conditions. The preferred pH range for inactivation is approximately pH 2.5 to pH 3.0 and the preferred temperature is approximately 95 to 105 ° C. The duration of thermal inactivation is approximately 5 to 10 minutes.
    [040] After inactivation, the pH of the reaction mixture is adjusted to approximately pH 5.5 to 6.5 and steviol glycosides are added to the mixture and dissolved. The preferential ratio of steviol glycosides to starch (kg of glycosides
    Petition 870180136050, of September 28, 2018, p. 17/35
    8/18 steviol per 1 kg of starch) is approximately 0.5 to 1.5, preferably approximately 0.8 to 1.2.
    [041] A second part of the CGTase preparation is added and the transglycosylation reaction is conducted at approximately 65 ° C for approximately 24 to 48 hours. The amount of the second part of CGTase is approximately 0.2 to 4 units of CGTase per gram of solids, preferably approximately 0.5 to 1.2 units per gram of solids.
    [042] Through the thermal in the transglycosylation reaction, approximately 30 to 50 units per gram of β-amylase solids were added and the reaction continued for approximately 12 to 16 hours at approximately 35 to 55 ° C, preferably approximately 45 ° C. Soy β-amylase was used at this stage. However, β-amylases derived from any other source including barley, bacterial, fungal, and other β-amylase can be used as well.
    [043] The unit of activity (1 AUN) of β-amylase is defined as the activity that releases 100 µg of reducing sugar (expressed as equivalent dextrose) per minute under the following conditions: 1 ml of enzyme solution is mixed with 5 mL of 1.2% starch solution (pH 5.5, Acetate Buffer M / 20) and maintained for 20 min at 40 ° C.
    [044] The reaction was stopped by heating to approximately 95 ° C for approximately 15 minutes to inactivate the enzymes, and the solution was treated with activated carbon, to obtain the discolored reaction mixture. The amount of activated carbon was approximately 0.02 to 0.4 grams per gram of solids, preferably approximately 0.05 to 0.2 grams per gram of solids.
    [045] The discolored reaction mixture was desalted by passing through ion exchange resins, such as Amberlite FPC23 (type H + ) and Amberlite FPA51 (type OH - ). Other suitable methods of discoloration and desalination, such as membrane filtration, or other methods known in the art can be used.
    [046] The desalted reaction mixture was further concentrated by vacuum evaporator and dried by spray drying. Other suitable drying and concentration methods, such as membrane filtration, freeze drying, or other methods known in the art can be used. The resulting product contains unmodified glycosides, short chain derivatives (containing four
    Petition 870180136050, of September 28, 2018, p. 18/35
    9/18 or less α-1,4-glycosyl residues) and a mixture of malto-oligosaccharides (Sample 1).
    [047] In order to prepare a product with a higher content of total sweet glycosides (the sum of glycosylated and non-glycosylated glycosides), the malto-oligosaccharides were removed using Amberlite XAD7 HP before the desalination treatment. The steviol glycosides and their glycosylated derivatives were adsorbed on the resin and subsequently eluted by aqueous ethanol. The resulting aqueous ethanol eluate, containing steviol and glycosyl glycosides, was subsequently decolored and desalted as described above and the glycoside solution, after evaporation of the elution solvent, was enhanced by spray drying. The resulting product contains unmodified glycosides, and short chain derivatives (containing four or less α-1,4-glycosyl residues) (Sample 2).
    [048] The modalities of the invention exemplified by Samples 1 and 2 are free or substantially free of higher glycosylated derivatives having more than 4 glycosyl residues. According to this invention, the highly purified glycosyl stevia composition preferably comprises more than approximately 25% by weight of di-, tri- and tetraglycosyl Rebaudioside A, and more than approximately 9% by weight of tri- and tetraglycoside steviosides.
    [049] Using a similar process for Sample 2, excluding the treatment stage with β-amylase, a product containing unmodified glycosides and derivatives of long-chain a-1,4-glycosyl (with up to nine residues α-1,4glycosyl) (Sample 3).
    [050] As a control, a product treated with commercial β-amylase containing unmodified glycosides, and short-chain derivatives (containing two or less α-1,4-glycosyl residues) were used (Sample 4). The composition of the samples is summarized in Table 1.
    Table 1
    Composition of steviol and glycosyl glycoside samples
    Compounds Content,% Sample1 Sample2 Sample3 Sample4 Stevioside 2.5 3.0 3.1 9.5 Rebaudioside C 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.4 Rebaudioside A 5.2 6.1 6.0 2.8
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    10/18
    Monoglycosyl-stevioside(StevG1) 11.0 13.2 7.4 34.9 Monoglycosyl-Rebaudioside A (RebAG1) 14.6 17.5 11.1 6.3 Diglycosyl-stevioside (StevG2) 10.4 12.4 8.4 26.4 Diglycosyl-Rebaudioside A (RebAG2) 15.6 18.6 9.6 - Riglycosyl stevioside T (StevG3) 5.8 7.0 6.3 - Triglycosyl-Rebaudioside A (RebAG3) 7.9 9.5 7.7 - T etraglycosyl-stevioside (StevG4) 3.7 4.4 5.6 - Tetraglycosyl-Rebaudioside A (RebAG4) 2.9 3.4 6.1 - Higher glycosylated derivatives - - 22.7 - Total glycoside content 80.5 96.1 95.0 80.3
    [051] The sensory evaluation of the samples was performed using aqueous solutions, with 20 jurors. Based on general acceptance, the most desirable and most undesirable samples were chosen. The results are shown in Table 2.
    Table 2
    Sensory evaluation of samples in aqueous system
    Judgment Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Most desirable 5 11 1 2 Most undesirable 1 0 7 12 Sweetness power 150 160 120 150 comments Sweet, light, smooth, harmonious, pleasant, almost similar to sucrose, without prolonged aftertaste, sweetness starts quickly Sweet, light, smooth, harmonious, pleasant, similar to sucrose, without prolonged aftertaste, sweetness starts quickly Sweet, slightly bitter, astringent, with no lingering aftertaste, sweetness is moderate Sweet, slightly bitter, astringent, slightly lingering aftertaste, sweetness onset is slow
    [052] As clear from the results in Table 2, the sweetness quality of Samples 1 and 2 was rated as most superior. Generally, samples with short chain derivatives (containing four or less α-1,4-glycosyl residues) (No. 1 and No. 2) had better flavor profiles compared to samples with long chain glycosyl derivatives (No 3) and two or less α-1,4-glycosyl residues with short chain derivatives (No. 4).
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    11/18 [053] Samples 1 and 2 show comparable sweetness power (150 to 160 times sweeter compared to a 5% sucrose solution) with Control Sample 4 (150 times); however, its flavor profile was clearly superior to the control sample.
    [054] The compositions can be used as sweetening enhancers, flavor enhancers, and sweeteners in various food and beverage products. Non-limiting examples of food and beverage products include soft drinks, ready-to-drink drinks, energy drinks, isotonic drinks, low-calorie drinks, zero-calorie drinks, drinks for practitioners of physical activities, teas, fruit and vegetable juices, drinks based on of juices, dairy drinks, yogurt-based drinks, alcohol-based drinks, powdered drinks, confectionery, cookies, biscuits, bakery mixes, cereals, confectionery, sweets, caramels, gum, dairy products, milk flavored, yoghurt, flavored yoghurt, fermented milk, soy sauce and other soy-based products, salad dressing, mayonnaise, vinegar, frozen desserts, meat products, meat-fish products, bottled and canned foods , table sweeteners, fruits and vegetables.
    [055] Additionally, the compositions can be used in pharmaceutical or cosmetic drugs or preparations, including, but not limited to toothpaste, mouthwash, cough syrup, chewable tablets, lozenges, vitamin preparations, and the like.
    [056] The compositions can be used "as is" or in combination with other sweeteners, flavors and food ingredients.
    [057] Non-limiting examples of sweeteners include steviol glycosides, stevioside, Rebaudioside A, Rebaudioside B, Rebaudioside C, Rebaudioside D, Rebaudioside E, Rebaudioside F, dulcoside A, steviolbioside, rubusoside, as well as other steviol glycosides found in the Stevia plant Rebaudiana Bertoni and mixtures of these, stevia extract, Luo Han Guo extract, mogrosides, high fructose corn syrup, corn syrup, inverted sugar, fructo-oligosaccharides, inulin, inulo-oligosaccharides, binding sugar, malto-oligosaccharides , maltodextrins, corn syrup solids, maltose, sucrose, lactose, aspartame, saccharin, sucralose, sugar alcohols.
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    12/18 [058] Non-limiting examples of flavors include flavors of lemon, orange, fruit, banana, grape, pear, pineapple, bitter almond, cola, cinnamon, sugar, cotton candy, vanilla.
    [059] Non-limiting examples of other food ingredients include flavorings, acidulants, organic amino acids and acids, coloring agents, bulking agents, modified starches, gums, texturizers, preservatives, antioxidants, emulsifiers, stabilizers, thickeners, gelling agents.
    [060] The following examples illustrate various embodiments of the invention. It is understood that the invention is not limited to the materials, proportions, conditions and procedures presented in the examples, which are only illustrative.
    Example 1
    Preparation of CGTase [061] A strain of Bacillus stearothermophillus St-88 was inoculated into 2,000 liters of sterile culture medium containing 0.1% starch, 0.25% corn extract, 0.5% (NH4) SO4 , and 0.2% CaCOs (pH 7.0 to 7.5) at 56 ° C for 24 hours with continuous aeration (2,000 L / min) and agitation (150 rpm). The obtained culture broth was filtered using 0.1 pm Kerasep ceramic membrane (Novasep, France) to separate the cells. The cell-free permeate was further concentrated 2 times in 10kDa Perspep ultrafilters (Orelis, France). The enzyme activity was determined according to Hale, Rawlins (1951). The preparation of the crude enzyme with an activity of approximately 2 units / mL was obtained.
    Example 2
    Preparation of short chain glycosyl stevia composition [062] 100 g of tapioca starch were suspended in 300 mL of water (pH
    6.5). 2 KNU of α-amylase (Termamyl Classic, Novozymes, Denmark) and 30 units of CGTase obtained according to Example 1 were added, and the liquefaction of starch was carried out at 80 ° C for approximately one hour until equivalent dextrose of approximately 15 The pH of the reaction mixture was adjusted to pH 2.8 by hydrochloric acid and the mixture was boiled at 100 ° C for 5 minutes to inactivate the enzymes. After cooling to 65 ° C, the pH was adjusted to pH 6.0 with sodium hydroxide solution. 100 g of stevia extract produced by PureCircle (JiangXi) Co., Ltd. (China) containing 29.2% stevioside, 54.3% Rebaudioside A, 9.0%
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    13/18
    Rebaudioside C, 1.7% Rebaudioside F and other glycosides adding the total steviol glycoside content of approximately 96.4% were added to the liquefied starch and stirred until a homogeneous solution was obtained. 200 units of CGTase were added to the solution and the mixture was kept at a temperature of 65 ° C for 24 hours, with continuous stirring. Then, the temperature was reduced to 45 ° C, and 8,000 units of soy β-amylase (# 1500S, Nagase Chemtex Corp., Japan) were added to the reaction mixture. The reaction continued for another 12 hours. The reaction mixture obtained was heated to 95 ° C for 15 minutes to inactivate the enzymes. 20 grams of activated carbon were added and the mixture was heated to 75 ° C and maintained for 30 minutes. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was diluted with water to 5% solids content and passed through columns packed with ion exchange resins Amberlite FPC23 (H + ) and Amberlite FPA51 (OH - ). The desalted solution was concentrated at 60 ° C under vacuum, and dried in a powder form using a laboratory spray dryer. 196 grams of product were obtained (Sample 1).
    Example 3
    Preparation of highly purified short chain glycosyl stevia composition [063] 100 g of tapioca starch were suspended in 300 ml of water (pH
    6.5). 2 KNU of α-amylase (Termamyl Classic, Novozymes, Denmark) and 30 units of CGTase obtained according to Example 1 were added, and the liquefaction of starch was carried out at 80 ° C for approximately one hour until equivalent dextrose of approximately 15 The pH of the reaction mixture was adjusted to pH 2.8 by hydrochloric acid and the mixture was boiled at 100 ° C for 5 minutes to inactivate the enzymes. After cooling to 65 ° C, the pH was adjusted to pH 6.0 with sodium hydroxide solution. 100 g of stevia extract produced by PureCircle (JiangXi) Co., Ltd. (China) containing 29.2% stevioside, 54.3% Rebaudioside A, 9.0% Rebaudioside C, 1.7% Rebaudioside F and other glycosides adding the total steviol glycoside content of approximately 96.4% were added to the liquefied starch and stirred until a homogeneous solution was obtained. 200 units of CGTase were added to the solution and the mixture was kept at a temperature of 65 ° C for 24 hours, with continuous stirring. Then, the temperature was reduced to 45 ° C, and 8,000 units of soy β-amylase (# 1500S, Nagase Chemtex Corp., Japan)
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    14/18 were added to the reaction mixture. The reaction continued for another 12 hours. The reaction mixture obtained was heated to 95 ° C for 15 minutes to inactivate the enzymes. 20 grams of activated carbon were added and the mixture was heated to 75 ° C and maintained for 30 minutes. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was diluted with water to 5% solids content and passed through columns packed with 4000 mL each of macroporous adsorbent resin Amberlite XAD 7HP. The columns were washed with 5 volumes of water and 2 volumes of 20% by volume ethanol. The adsorbed glycosides were eluted with 50% ethanol. The eluate obtained was passed through columns packed with ion exchange resins Amberlite FPC23 (H + ) and Amberlite FPA51 (OH - ). The ethanol was evaporated and the desalted and discolored aqueous solution was concentrated at 60 ° C under vacuum, then dried in a powder form using a laboratory spray dryer. 151 grams of product were obtained (Sample 2).
    Example 4
    Preparation of highly purified long chain glycosyl stevia composition [064] 100 g of tapioca starch were suspended in 300 mL of water (pH
    6.5). 2 KNU of α-amylase (Termamyl Classic, Novozymes, Denmark) and 30 units of CGTase obtained according to Example 1 were added, and the liquefaction of starch was carried out at 80 ° C for approximately one hour until equivalent dextrose of approximately 15 The pH of the reaction mixture was adjusted to pH 2.8 by hydrochloric acid and the mixture was boiled at 100 ° C for 5 minutes to inactivate the enzymes. After cooling to 65 ° C, the pH was adjusted to pH 6.0 with sodium hydroxide solution. 100 g of stevia extract produced by PureCircle (JiangXi) Co., Ltd. (China) containing 29.2% stevioside, 54.3% Rebaudioside A, 9.0% Rebaudioside C, 1.7% Rebaudioside F and other glycosides adding the total steviol glycoside content of approximately 96.4% were added to the liquefied starch and stirred until a homogeneous solution was obtained. 200 units of CGTase were added to the solution and the mixture was kept at a temperature of 65 ° C for 24 hours, with continuous stirring. The reaction mixture obtained was heated to 95 ° C for 15 minutes to inactivate the enzymes. 20 grams of activated carbon were added and the mixture was heated to 75 ° C and maintained for 30 minutes. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was diluted with water to 5% solids content and passed through
    Petition 870180136050, of 28/09/2018, p. 24/35
    15/18 columns packed with 4000 mL each of Amberlite XAD 7HP macroporous adsorbent resin. The columns were washed with 5 volumes of water and 2 volumes of 20% by volume ethanol. The adsorbed glycosides were eluted with 50% ethanol. The eluate obtained was passed through columns packed with ion exchange resins Amberlite FPC23 (H +) and Amberlite FPA51 (OH - ). The ethanol was evaporated and the desalted and discolored aqueous solution was concentrated at 60 ° C under vacuum, then dried in a powder form using a laboratory spray dryer. 166 grams of product were obtained (Sample 3).
    Example 5
    Low-calorie orange juice-based drink [065] Orange concentrate (35%), citric acid (0.35%), ascorbic acid (0.05%), reddish orange color (0.01%), flavor orange (0.20%), Rebaudioside A (0.003%) and different compositions of glycosyl stevia (0.03%) were blended and completely dissolved in water (up to 100%) and pasteurized. The stevia glycosyl compositions were represented by Samples 1, 2 and 3, obtained according to Examples 2, 3 and 4, respectively; and Sample 4 was a product treated with commercial βamylase (containing only mono- and di-a-1,4-glycosyl derivatives of steviol glycosides).
    [066] The sensory evaluations of the samples are summarized in Table 3. The data show that the best results can be obtained using the derivatives (Samples 1 and 2) of high purity short chain stevia glycosyl compositions (containing four or less a-1,4-glycosyl residues). In particular, drinks prepared with Samples 1 and 2 exhibited a complete and harmonious taste profile and sensory impression in the mouth.
    Table 3
    Evaluation of samples of orange juice-based drinks
    Sample comments Flavor Residual Flavor Sensory impression in the mouth No. 1 High quality sweetness, pleasant taste similar to sucrose, harmonious and balanced flavor Clean, almost without bitterness, without residual flavor Complete
    Petition 870180136050, of 28/09/2018, p. 25/35
    16/18
    No. 2 High quality sweetness, pleasant taste similar to sucrose, harmonious and balanced flavor Clean, almost without bitterness, without residual flavor Complete No. 3 High quality sweetness, pleasant taste almost similar to sucrose, harmonious and balanced flavor Clean, almost without bitterness, without residual flavor Almost acceptable No. 4 Sweet, licorice notes Slight bitterness and aftertaste Not acceptable
    The same method can be used to prepare juices and drinks based on juices from other fruits, such as apples, lemons, apricots, cherries, pineapples, mangoes, etc.
    Example 6
    Low-calorie carbonated drink
    A carbonated drink according to the formula presented below was prepared.
    Ingredients Amount, % Sucrose 5.5 Cola flavor 0.340 Orthophosphoric acid 0.100 Sodium citrate 0.310 Sodium benzoate 0.018 Citric acid 0.018 Rebaudioside A 0.003 Composition of glycosyl stevia 0.05 Carbonated water up to 100
    Sensory properties were evaluated by 20 jurors. The results are summarized in Table 4.
    Table 4
    Evaluation of low calorie carbonated drink samples
    Flavor attribute Number of judges who detected the attribute Sample No. 1 Sample No. 2 Sample No. 3 Sample No. 4 Bitter taste 0 0 2 20 Astringent flavor 1 0 3 20 Residual flavor 1 0 2 20 comments
    Petition 870180136050, of 28/09/2018, p. 26/35
    17/18
    Sweet taste quality Clean(19 of 20) Clean(20 of 20) Clean(17 of 20) Bitter aftertaste (5 of 20) General evaluation Satisfactory (18 of 20) Satisfactory (20 of 20) Satisfactory (15 of 20) Satisfactory (3 of 20)
    The results above show that the drinks prepared using Samples 1 and 3 had the best organoleptic characteristics.
    Example 7
    Diet Cookies [067] Flour (50.0%), margarine (30.0%), fructose (10.0%), maltitol (8.0%), whole milk (1.0%), salt (0, 2%), bread powder (0.15%), vanillin (0.1%), and different glycosyl stevia compositions (0.03%) were well kneaded in a dough mixing machine. The obtained dough was molded and baked in an oven at 200 ° C for 15 minutes. The compositions based on stevic glycosyl were represented by Samples 1, 2 and 3, obtained according to Examples 2, 3 and 4, respectively; with Sample 4 being a product treated with commercial β-amylase (containing only mono- and di-a-1,4-glycosyl derivatives of steviol glycosides).
    [068] The sensory properties were evaluated by 20 jurors. The best results were obtained in samples prepared by derivatives (Samples 1 and 2) of high purity short chain stevia glycosyl compositions (containing four or less a-1,4-glycosyl residues). The judges noticed a harmonious and complete flavor profile and sensory impression in the mouth in cookies prepared with Samples 1 and 2.
    Example 8
    Yogurt [069] Different compositions of glycosyl stevia (0.03%) and sucrose (4%) were dissolved in skimmed milk. Stevia glycosyl compositions were represented by Samples 1, 2 and 3, obtained according to Examples 2, 3 and 4, respectively; with Sample 4 being a product treated with commercial β-amylase (containing only mono- and di-a-1,4-glycosyl derivatives of steviol glycosides). After pressurization at 82 ° C for 20 minutes, the milk was cooled to 37 ° C. A starter culture (3%) was added and the mixture was incubated at 37 ° C for 6 hours and then at 5 ° C for 12 hours. .
    [070] The sensory properties were evaluated by 20 jurors. The best
    Petition 870180136050, of 28/09/2018, p. 27/35
    18/18 results were obtained in samples prepared by derivatives (Samples 1 and 2) of high purity short chain stevia glycosyl compositions (containing four or less a-1,4-glycosyl residues). The judges noticed a harmonious and complete flavor profile and sensory impression in the mouth in samples prepared with Samples 1 and 2.
    [071] It is understood that the previous descriptions and the specific modalities shown here are merely illustrative of the best way of the invention and its principles, and that modifications and additions can be easily made by those skilled in the art without abandoning the spirit and scope of invention, which is then understood to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    1. Process for producing a highly purified glycosyl stevia composition CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises the steps of:
    add starch in water to form a starch suspension;
    add a mixture of α-amylase and CGTase to the starch suspension and incubate for approximately 0.5 to 2 hours at approximately 75 to 80 ° C, resulting in a suspension of liquefied starch;
    inactivate α-amylase by heat treatment at pH in the range of approximately 2.5 to 3.0, with temperature in the range of approximately 95 to 105 ° C, for approximately 5 to 10 minutes;
    cooling the liquefied starch suspension and adjusting the pH to approximately 5.5 to 7.0;
    add steviol glycosides to the liquefied starch suspension, resulting in a reaction mixture;
    add a second batch of CGTase to the reaction mixture and incubate for approximately 12 to 48 hours at approximately 55 to 75 ° C;
    add β-amylase to the reaction mixture and incubate for approximately 12 to 24 hours at approximately 35 to 55 ° C;
    inactivate the enzymes in the reaction mixture by heat treatment, in which, for the inactivation of the enzymes, the reaction was stopped by heating to approximately 95 ° C for approximately 15 minutes;
    discolor the reaction mixture;
    removing the non-diterpene compounds by contacting the discolored reaction mixture with macroporous adsorbent resin and subsequently eluting the adsorbed diterpene glycosides with aqueous ethanol to result in an aqueous ethanol eluate containing glycoside;
    desalting the glycoside-containing aqueous ethanol eluate with ion exchange resins;
    removing ethanol from the aqueous ethanol eluate, resulting in an aqueous eluate; and concentrate and dry the aqueous eluate to obtain the highly purified stevia glycosyl composition,
    Petition 870180136050, of 28/09/2018, p. 29/35
    [2]
    2/3 wherein the highly purified stevia glycosyl composition comprises short chain steviol glycoside derivatives having four or less α-1,4-glycosyl residues, and unmodified steviol glycosides.
    2. Process, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the mixture of α-amylase and CGTase contains approximately 0.001 to 0.2 KNU of α-amylase per one unit of CGTase.
    [3]
    3. Process according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the mixture of α-amylase and CGTase contains approximately 0.05 to 0.1 KNU of α-amylase per one unit of CGTase.
    [4]
    4. Process according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the weight of added steviol glycosides is approximately equal to that of starch.
    [5]
    5. Process according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the added steviol glycosides are selected from the group consisting of stevioside, Rebaudioside A, Rebaudioside B, Rebaudioside C, Rebaudioside D, Rebaudioside E, Rebaudioside F, dulcoside A, steviolbioside, rubusoside, as well as other steviol glycosides found in the Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plant and mixtures thereof.
    [6]
    6. Process, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that CGTase is produced by cultures of Bacillus stearothermophilus.
    [7]
    7. Process, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the second batch of CGTase has approximately 0.2 to 4 units of CGTase per gram of solids.
    [8]
    8. Process according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the second batch of CGTase has approximately 0.5 to 1.2 units of CGTase per gram of solids.
    [9]
    9. Process, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that β-amylase is produced from a source selected from the group consisting of soy and barley.
    [10]
    10. Process according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that β-amylase is added in approximately 30 to 50 units per gram of total solids, and the treatment is carried out at a temperature of
    Petition 870180136050, of 28/09/2018, p. 30/35
    3/3 approximately 40 to 60 ° C, for a duration of approximately 3 to 16 hours.
    [11]
    11. Process according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that after treatment with β-amylase, the short chain glycosylated derivatives of stevioside and Rebaudioside A have four or less α-glycosyl residues.
    [12]
    12. Process, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the discoloration is performed using activated carbon.
    [13]
    13. Process, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the discoloration is performed using resins or ion exchange membranes, said membranes being selected from the group consisting of utrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes.
    [14]
    14. Process according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the removal of the non-diterpene compounds is carried out with a plurality of sequentially connected columns packaged with a macroporous adsorbent resin, followed by washing the columns with water, then washing with approximately 10 to 50% (v / v) ethanol, disconnecting the columns, and then eluting each column individually with 30 to 100% ethanol.
    [15]
    15. Process, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that desalination is carried out by passing the eluate through columns packed with resins or ion exchange membranes, said membranes being selected from the group consisting of membranes ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis.
    [16]
    16. Process according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that the highly purified stevia glycosyl composition has at least approximately 95% total steviol glycosides on an anhydrous basis.
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    法律状态:
    2017-11-07| B07A| Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-07-03| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2019-08-27| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2019-11-12| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 25/04/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. (CO) 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 25/04/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US13/029,263|US8257948B1|2011-02-17|2011-02-17|Method of preparing alpha-glucosyl Stevia composition|
    PCT/US2011/033734|WO2012112177A1|2011-02-17|2011-04-25|Clucosyl stevia composition|
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